Formula To Indicate Order Of Dates?

Let's say I have a column A with a list of dates like this:

02/01/14
02/08/14
01/01/14
06/15/14
04/13/14
05/12/14
01/13/14
04/01/14
06/01/14

I'd like to then write a formula in column B that tells me what number order the corresponding date in column A would be if column A were sorted in chronological order, broken out by month.

So the results would look like this:

02/01/14 0201
02/08/14 0202
01/01/14 0101
06/15/14 0602
04/13/14 0402
05/12/14 0501
01/13/14 0102
04/01/14 0401
06/01/14 0601

So the first two numbers of column B are simply the month, and the last two are telling you whether it's the first, second, third etc chronological date of that month, that is found in the entire list.

If column B needs to be a concatenation of a couple columns of formulas to get to that result, that's fine.

The whole idea behind this is to assume that the data in column A can not/will not be sorted by Excel.